中国南部二叠、三叠纪“混生生物群”及二叠、三叠系界线     

何锡麟  沈树忠 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1991,(2)

本文系统描述了中国南部二叠、三叠纪“混生生物群”。根据笔者的统计,目前巳经发现有“二叠纪型”分子36属53种与三叠纪菊石、双壳类、牙形剌共生。 笔者认为中国南部可以以牙形剌Anchignathodus parvus 的出现作为三叠系的底界,双壳类Pteria ussurica variabilis,菊石 Hypophiceras的出现可以作为三叠系开始的辅助标志。文中还将这一界线与世界上其它地区的二叠、三叠系界线进行了对比。  相似文献   

大通湖及东洞庭湖区生物体重金属的水平及其生态评价   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

祝云龙  姜加虎  黄群  孙占东  王红娟 《湖泊科学》2007,19(6):690-697

于2005年11月采集了大通湖及东洞庭湖区湖水和水生生物样品,并测定了水和水生生物样品中重金属(Cd、Pb、Hg、As)的含量,并对湖区生物体重金属进行了污染评价.研究结果表明,大通湖及东洞庭湖区湖水中重金属含量较小,绝大部分采样点水质都属于国家Ⅰ类水标准;水生生物体内CD、Pb含量为虾＞螺＞鱼,Hg的含量为鱼＞螺＞虾,As的含量为螺＞虾＞鱼;而鱼类重金属含量则为底栖鱼类＞中上层鱼类,肉食性鱼类＞植食性鱼类.大通湖及东洞庭湖区生物体中CD、Pb的污染指数为虾＞螺＞鱼,Hg的污染指数则为鱼＞螺＞虾,As的污染指数则为螺＞虾＞鱼.  相似文献   

黔东北伊迪卡拉纪陡山沱组的宏体藻类   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王约  王训练  黄禹铭 《地球科学》2007,32(6):828-844

宏体生物广泛地生活于扬子地区伊迪卡拉纪陡山沱期的海洋中,它们为后生动物的快速发展和演化奠定了一个崭新的环境和一个新生态链的基础.产自于黔东北伊迪卡拉系陡山沱组的瓮会生物群生活环境应在贫氧的、透光性良好的浅海低能环境,以宏体藻类为主,共描述15属18种(其中包括3个新属、5个新种、2个修定属和4个修定种)和1个未命名藻以及不明藻类固着器,另包含有宏体后生动物,可能的后生动物以及遗迹化石.瓮会生物群不但含有鄂西庙河生物群和皖南蓝田植物群的分子,也有南澳大利亚Ediacara生物群和俄罗斯WhiteSea生物群的分子,而且具有自已的特征而有别于其他伊迪卡拉期的生物群.其宏体藻类形态变化较大,组织器官和功能已出现明显的分化,并与高等植物之间存在一定的演化关系.宏体藻类多为直立固着于海底,提高了光合作用的效率,增加了水体中的含氧量.同时,宏体藻类作为生态系统中的初级生产者成为一种新的食物,改变了后生动物的食谱.因此,陡山沱期的宏体植物不仅改善了环境,为依赖一定氧而生活、生长和繁殖的后生动物给予了必要的支持,而且作为生态系统中的必要基础,为宏体后生动物的快速发展和演化提供了一个新的食物源.另外,宏体生物群的繁盛不仅提高了有机质的生产率,而且促进了富有机碳的沉积和保存.  相似文献   

晚震旦世陡山沱期后生生物群的古生态环境探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨瑞东 《沉积与特提斯地质》1999,19(5):53-59

早期后生生物群是当前古生物学研究热点之一。我国上扬子区的庙河生物群和瓮安生物群是震旦纪的重要生物群,而生物群是怎样繁盛和埋藏保存是研究早期后生生物群的一个重要方面。作者研究认为翁安生物群是由于洋流上升提供了大量的ＳｉＯ２和Ｐ２Ｏ５等养分,使生物在台地边缘大规模繁盛,其海水由于富ＳｉＯ２和Ｐ２Ｏ５所引起强烈的磷酸岩化及硅化作用,使大量的生物尸体被快速矿化,形成具有抗水动力强的骨架,避免水动力和氧化作  相似文献   

晚震旦世陡山沱期后生生物群的古生态环境探讨   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

杨瑞东 《沉积与特提斯地质》1999,19(5):53-59

早期后生生物群是当前古生物学研究热点之一。我国上扬子区的庙河生物群和瓮安生物群是震旦纪的重要生物群,而生物群是怎样繁盛和埋藏保存是研究早期后生生物群的一个重要方面。作者研究认为瓮安生物群是由于洋流上升提供了大量的ＳｉＯ２ 和Ｐ２Ｏ５ 等养分,使生物在台地边缘大规模繁盛,其海水由于富ＳｉＯ２ 和Ｐ２Ｏ５ 所引起强烈的磷酸岩化及硅化作用,使大量的生物尸体被快速矿化,形成具有抗水动力强的骨架,避免水动力和氧化作用的破坏,因此,矿化作用是生物体保存为化石的另一个重要因素。最后,提出上扬子区陡山沱期为有利于生物群繁盛和保存区域  相似文献   

A critical review of approaches to aquatic environmental assessment   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Foden J  Rogers SI  Jones AP 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(11):1825-1833

As demands on aquatic resources increase, there is a growing need to monitor and assess their condition. This paper reviews a variety of aquatic environmental assessments, at local, national, international and global scales and finds confusion in the terminology used to describe assessments. In particular the terms 'ecosystem' and 'integrated' are often misused resulting in lack of clarity. Therefore, definitions of some assessment terminology are suggested, consolidating existing proposals and simplifying future applications. A conclusion from the review is that a new classification system is required. The categorisation system proposed builds on preliminary work of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Assessment classification is based on the environmental components considered, methodologies and nature of the linkages between components, and the inclusion or exclusion of socio-economic factors. The assessment terminology and categorisation system provided could in future simplify the way that assessments are defined and used to inform development of management strategies.  相似文献   

Zooplankton dynamics from inundation to drying in a complex ephemeral floodplain-wetland     

Cassandra S. James  Martin C. Thoms  Gerry P. Quinn 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2008,70(3):259-271

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Mesoproterozoic Lakhanda Lagerstätte, Siberia: Paleoecology and taphonomy of the microbiota     

Victor N. Podkovyrov   《Precambrian Research》2009,173(1-4):146

The preservation of the organic-walled microbiota of the Lakhanda Lagerstätte in the Kumakha mudstone succession of the late Mesoproterozoic Lakhanda Group (Uchur-Maya region, southeast Siberia) is a result of unusually favorable paleoecologic, taphonomic, and diagenetic conditions. Well known for its marked taxonomic diversity and exquisite preservation, the biota inhabited a warm, shallow, epicontinental basin rich in nutrients into which were dispersed clay minerals, from weathering of continental crust, and minor amounts of volcanic detritus. The fossils were preserved by compression in fine-grained smectite–illite–kaolinite mudstones deposited in a sulfur-deficient disoxic and anoxic environment. Subsequently, the long-term (1 Ga) tectonic stability of the southeast margin of the Siberian platform has provided an exceptional environment for the preservation of the microfossil assemblage without significant diagenetic alteration. Conclusions drawn here from studies of the paleoecology, taphonomy, and diagenesis of the Lakhanda Lagerstätte may provide a globally useful model in the search for additional evidence of the Precambrian rise to dominance of eukaryotes in the Earth's biosphere.  相似文献   

Modelling the biogeochemistry of a tidal flat ecosystem with EcoTiM     

Cora?KohlmeierEmail author  Wolfgang?Ebenh?h 《Ocean Dynamics》2009,59(2):393-415

The ecological tidal model simulates the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, and silicate and describes the tidal, diurnal, and annual dynamics of the back barrier area of the island Spiekeroog in the German Bight. The region is characterized by strong tidal currents and extensive tidal flats. It is strongly influenced by the conditions in the southern part of the German Bight. This model study investigates the dependence of the model behavior on the boundary conditions and the forcing. The effect of short- and long-term sea level rise on nutrient and plankton dynamics is analyzed. As the model is set up as semi-Lagrangian with only a coarse approximation of the hydrodynamics, the seasonal and intratidal variability in the biogeochemical cycling can only be reproduced qualitatively. By varying the boundary conditions, the intrinsic dynamics of the back barrier area can be separated from boundary condition effects. This study shows that any agreement between model results and field data cannot be expected without correct boundary conditions. The seasonal variability is of major importance, while higher-frequency variability only plays a minor role.  相似文献   

山东中新世山旺组生物群的古生态   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

杨式溥  孙博 《古地理学报》2000,2(4):1-11

山东临朐产出的中新世山旺组化石群,保存精美、属种分异度高。50多年来,经发掘和研究,目前已从约30余米的硅藻页岩沉积中报导了真菌、硅藻、介形虫、孢粉、昆虫、鱼类、两栖动物、爬行类、鸟类、哺乳动物及遗迹化石等十几个门类的化石,共计400余属700多种。本文总结了化石与周围无机界的关系、化石的埋藏特征、形成原因以及相关古生态学问题――古气候、古温度、古纬度、古地形、山旺湖的水文性质、湖水的季节性变化与硅藻页岩的纹层、动植物群的营养结构以及山旺盆地的沉积历史。  相似文献